The recent crisis between Pakistan and India which unfolded from April 22 to May 11, 2025, has emerged as a pivotal moment for Pakistan across multiple dimensions—military, diplomatic, and media. The catalyst for this escalation was the Phalgham incident, a tragic event that claimed 26 lives, mostly tourists. In a hasty attempt to assign blame, India accused Pakistan of orchestrating the attack without substantial evidence, igniting a wave of hostility that led to severe repercussions for both nations.
Despite India’s overwhelming military and economic might, Pakistan has managed to emerge from this crisis with a narrative of resilience and strength. The international community, largely skeptical of India’s unsubstantiated accusations, observed a concerted campaign by Pakistan to counter misinformation while advocating for an impartial investigation into the incident. The fallout from India’s aggressive stance was particularly dire for Kashmiri Muslims who faced persecution and violence, underscoring the necessity for a nuanced approach to the Kashmir issue.
Key Developments:
1. Diplomatic Maneuvering: The diplomatic outreach led by Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif and Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar was instrumental in shaping Pakistan’s response to the crisis. Their proactive engagement with key international capitals showcased Pakistan’s commitment to dialogue and peace. By articulating a clear and consistent message, they effectively countered India’s narrative, reinforcing Pakistan’s position as a responsible actor on the global stage.
2. Military Resilience: The Pakistani military demonstrated remarkable capability throughout the crisis. Under the leadership of Chief of Army Staff General Syed Asim Munir, the military showcased its readiness and resolve by successfully intercepting Indian aircraft, including Rafale jets and Israeli drones. This not only highlighted Pakistan’s defense capabilities but also established a deterrent against further Indian aggression. The leadership of Air Marshal Zaheer Din Baber and the Chief of Naval Staf, Admiral Naveed Ashraf, played crucial roles in ensuring that Pakistan’s military operations were coordinated and effective, providing a comprehensive defense strategy during this period.
3. Media Strategy: The responsible behavior of the Pakistani media and experts also played a vital role in maintaining a balanced narrative during the crisis. Led by the cool-headed but calculated Lieutenant General Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry, who provided strong media leadership, Pakistan’s communication strategy ensured that the focus remained on facts rather than emotional rhetoric. This approach was critical in countering India’s aggressive media campaign and positioned Pakistan as a nation committed to truth and transparency.
4. National Security Leadership: One must not forget the unsung hero of this crisis – the National Security Advisor, Lieutenant General Muhammad Asim Malik, whose behind-the-scenes efforts and strategic insights were vital in shaping Pakistan’s response. The cohesive coordination between various branches of government and military under the National Security Advisor’s guidance ensured a unified front which was essential in navigating the complexities of the situation.
5. International Support: The international community’s skepticism of India’s claims was a significant factor in Pakistan’s favor. Notably, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) rejected India’s request to halt support for Pakistan, highlighting a growing recognition of Pakistan’s strategic position. This support from international institutions can be leveraged to further strengthen Pakistan’s diplomatic standing.
Future Policy Recommendations:
To transform this recent success into a long-term advantage, Pakistan must adopt a multifaceted approach that emphasizes diplomacy, economic resilience, and regional cooperation.
1. Engage in Structured Dialogue on Kashmir: Pakistan should prioritize a renewed dialogue on Kashmir, leveraging international platforms to advocate for the rights of Kashmiris. Engaging with Kashmiri leaders and civil society will strengthen Pakistan’s position while ensuring that the voices of those directly affected are heard. This approach will not only enhance Pakistan’s credibility but also foster a sense of ownership among Kashmiris in the peace process.
2. Strengthen the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT): Pakistan must proactively defend its water rights under the IWT. This includes engaging with international bodies to address India’s violations and ensuring that water-sharing agreements are honored. Developing domestic water management strategies will also mitigate the impact of any future Indian aggression, ensuring that Pakistan’s water security is not compromised.
3. Enhance Diplomatic Relations: Pakistan should continue building alliances with key global players, particularly the United States, European Union, and Muslim-majority countries, to foster a supportive international environment. Emphasizing Pakistan’s role in regional stability and counter-terrorism efforts will help solidify these alliances, providing a buffer against potential future crises.
4. Invest in Defense Capabilities: Maintaining and modernizing military capabilities is essential for deterrence. Pakistan should focus on enhancing its air defense systems and intelligence capabilities to preempt any future threats from India. Investing in advanced technology and training will ensure that Pakistan remains prepared for any eventuality, reinforcing its position as a formidable regional power.
5. Promote Economic Development: Strengthening the economy is crucial for enhancing Pakistan’s resilience. Initiatives such as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) should be accelerated to improve infrastructure and create jobs, which will contribute to national stability. A robust economy will provide the necessary resources to support military and diplomatic initiatives.
6. Counter Misinformation: Pakistan should continue to counter Indian propaganda through strategic communication efforts. Engaging with international media and fostering relationships with journalists will help ensure balanced reporting on Pakistan’s position. Developing a comprehensive media strategy that highlights Pakistan’s achievements and counteracts negative narratives will be essential.
7. Foster National Unity:Internally, Pakistan must cultivate a sense of national unity and consensus on foreign policy issues. Political stability will be crucial in presenting a united front in negotiations with India. Building a cohesive national narrative that prioritizes peace and stability will strengthen Pakistan’s position both domestically and internationally.
Conclusion:
The recent crisis has provided Pakistan with a unique opportunity to reshape its narrative and strategic posture. By adopting a proactive and multifaceted approach, Pakistan can leverage its recent successes to advocate for its interests on the global stage, particularly regarding Kashmir and the IWT. The path forward requires a delicate balance of diplomacy, military preparedness, and economic resilience, ensuring that Pakistan emerges from this crisis not just as a survivor but as a strategic player in the region.
As Pakistan navigates this complex landscape it must remain vigilant and adaptable, ready to seize opportunities while mitigating risks. The time has come for Pakistan to transform its recent victories into lasting strategic gains, ensuring a more secure and prosperous future for its people. The leadership of Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif, Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar, and the military chiefs, along with the invaluable contributions of the National Security Advisor, will be pivotal in this journey forward.
